Technoeconomic_Exclusion_Wind (FeatureServer)

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Service Description: The techno-economic screens and exclusion criteria described in this document were used to filter utility-scale wind energy resource potential for the Western U.S. These screens were developed for the California Public Utilities Commission Integrated Resource Planning Process (IRP) by E3 and Montara Mountain Energy. The techno-economic screens were developed using spatial analysis methods consistent with prior studies -7. Locations which are not suitable for commercial-scale renewable energy development are screened out to produce a set of land use scenarios.

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Technoeconomic_Exclusion_Wind (0)

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The site suitability criteria included in the techno-economic land use screens are listed below. As this list is an update to previous cycles, tribal lands, prime farmland, and flood zones are not included as they are not technically infeasible for development. The techno-economic site suitability exclusion thresholds are presented in table 1. Distances indicate the minimum distance from each feature for commercial scale wind development.

Attributes:

Steeply sloped areas: change in vertical elevation compared to horizontal distance
Population density: the number of people living in a 1 km2 area
Urban areas: defined by the U.S. Census.
Water bodies: defined by the U.S. National Atlas Water Feature Areas, available from Argonne National Lab Energy Zone Mapping Tool
Railways: a comprehensive database of North America's railway system from the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), available from Argonne National Lab Energy Zone Mapping Tool
Major highways: available from ESRI Living Atlas
Airports: The Airports dataset including other aviation facilities as of July 13, 2018 is part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Bureau of Transportation Statistics's (BTS's) National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD). The Airports database is a geographic point database of aircraft landing facilities in the United States and U.S. Territories. Attribute data is provided on the physical and operational characteristics of the landing facility, current usage including enplanements and aircraft operations, congestion levels and usage categories. This geospatial data is derived from the FAA's National Airspace System Resource Aeronautical Data Product. Available from Argonne National Lab Energy Zone Mapping Tool
Active mines: Active Mines and Mineral Processing Plants in the United States in 2003

Table 1.<o:p></o:p>

	Wind<o:p></o:p>
Steeply sloped areas	>10^o
Population density	>100/km²
Capacity factor	<20%
Urban areas	<1000 m
Water bodies	<250 m
Railways	<250 m
Major highways	<125 m
Airports	<5000 m
Active mines	<1000 m

For more information about the processes and sources used to develop the screening criteria see sources 1-7 in the footnotes.

Data updates occur as needed, corresponding to typical 3-year CPUC IRP planning cycles

Lopez, A. et. al. “U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potentials: A GIS-Based Analysis,” 2012. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdf

2 https://greeningthegrid.org/Renewable-Energy-Zones-Toolkit/topics/social-environmental-and-other-impacts#ReadingListAndCaseStudies

3 Multi-Criteria Analysis for Renewable Energy (MapRE), University of California Santa Barbara. https://mapre.es.ucsb.edu/

4 Larson, E. et. al. “Net-Zero America: Potential Pathways, Infrastructure, and Impacts, Interim Report.” Princeton University, 2020. https://environmenthalfcentury.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf331/files/2020-12/Princeton_NZA_Interim_Report_15_Dec_2020_FINAL.pdf.

5 Wu, G. et. al. “Low-Impact Land Use Pathways to Deep Decarbonization of Electricity.” Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 7 (July 10, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab87d1.

6 RETI Coordinating Committee, RETI Stakeholder Steering Committee. “Renewable Energy Transmission Initiative Phase 1B Final Report.” California Energy Commission, January 2009.

7 Pletka, Ryan, and Joshua Finn. “Western Renewable Energy Zones, Phase 1: QRA Identification Technical Report.” Black & Veatch and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2009. https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/46877.pdf.

https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php?year=2019&layergroup=Urban+Areas

https://ezmt.anl.gov/

https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=fc870766a3994111bce4a083413988e4

https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mineplant/

Copyright Text: Emily Leslie Emily@MontaraMtEnergy.com Sam Schreiber sam.schreiber@ethree.com Jared Ferguson Jared.Ferguson@cpuc.ca.govOluwafemi Sawyerr femi@ethree.com

Spatial Reference: 102100 (3857)

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