The commuter bus services proposed by the Preliminary Plan mostly provide radial service connecting communities of the Region with downtown Milwaukee. A few services also provide connections between communities or existing park-ride lots and the proposed commuter rail services, including connections between communities in Walworth, Racine, and Kenosha Counties and Metra commuter rail services in northeastern Illinois. Wherever there is sufficient shoulder width, transit operators are encouraged to work with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) to permit buses to travel on highway shoulders whenever regular travel lanes are congested, which would assist commuter bus services in achieving travel times that are competitive with cars (known as bus-on-shoulder operations.